What is News?

what is news?

• news means getting information about recent or very important events such as the general election etc
• news is everywhere now days such as TV , Internet, mobile phones and many other form of technology

Audience

Audience and Survey

• Me and my team did a survey, where we asked the audience several questions on the radio shows they listen to or when they listen to the radio show etc. 

• The survey shows us that the majority of young adults and teenagers use the Internet and T.V to listen to the radio where the minority like to use other devices to listen to the radio. However the most common use of listening to the radio is Internet and T.V this is because technology has developed more over the years.

•  The survey shows us that celebrity gossip is the most popular with young adults and teenagers this is  because celebrity gossip interests the younger audiences. 
• Another point is that many younger audiences are starting to be interest in political news more than long time ago.

•  The survey tells us that most young adults and teenagers like to listen to the news at night also the survey tells us that young adults and teenagers don’t watch the news at lunch time , this maybe be because they at school or college. 
• Another point on the survey it tells shows us that the young adults and teenagers prefer background music, which means that in order for young adults and teenagers to be interested in news there must be some kind of music or clips to draw attention.

Analysis 

• the results suggest that in order for Pulse FM to engage with the audience Pulse FM have meet the needs of the audience for example one of the questions that Pulse FM say in their survey is "Do you prefer background music? " the audience results suggest that the audience like background music because 82.4% people said yes.  

Defamation

• Defamation means slander and libel for the people who write, broadcast or publishe stories that are not ture in otherwords the stoires of celebrties are false.
• this leads to lots of company being sued and celebs earning money

Journalism Ethics & Rules

Journalisam Ethics and Standards

what are the journalism standards and ethics?

• journalism standards and ethics means that there are numbers of laws that journalist practice. this information is given by the Nation Union of Journalitsts' code of conduct'.

a journalitsts is expected to do these code of conduct.

1. at all thime uphold and defend the principle of media freedom, the right of freedom of expression and the rigth of the pulic to be infromed.
2. strive to ensure that information disseminted is honsetly conveyed, accurtae and fair.
3. do her/ his utmost to correct harmful inaccuracies
4. differentiate between fact and opinion
5. obtain material by honest, straightforward and open means, with the exception of investigiations that are both overwhelming in the public interest and which invoives evdence that cannot be obtained by strightforwd means.
6. do nothing to intured into anubodys's pritve life, grief or distress unless justified by overriding consideration of the public interest.
7. proctect the identiy of sources who supply information in confidence and material gathered in the coure of her/ his work.
8. resist threats or any other inducements to infulence, distort or suppress information.
9. take no unfair personal advantages of information gained in the coures of her/ his duties before the information is public knowledge.
10. produce no material likely to lead to hatred or discrimination on the grounds of a person's age, gender, race, colour, creed, legal stautes, disability , martital stutes or sexual orientatioon.
11. not by way of statement, vioce or apperance endorse by advertisement any commercial product or service save for the promotion of her/ his own work or of the medium by which she' he is employed.
12. aviod plagiarism.

News Values

• Frequency : news events that fit the schedule of the local news broadcaster are more likely to be given attention; events that have either several Short bursts of activity or those that happen quickly are favoured.
• Threshold: for local news, this describes the unimportance of an event to the local community rather than to the Nation.
• Simplicity: stories that are easier for the whole of the local community to understand are preferred, especially those with clear heroes and villains, winners and losers, culprits and victims, as opposed to more complex stories which may be given less prominence. this describes a rather patronising 'deficit model' of the audience.
• Continuity: 'stories with legs' those that will be on-going and will maintain their level of the interest for the local audience over time, are favoured.
• Elitism/celebrity: we are as a society, for whatever reason, drawn to famous people, those with power and those with celebrities visit a local community or when famous local people are in the new.
• Human Interest: this is the 'bread and butter' of local news, stories that create empathy or vicarious responses in relationship ordinary local people in a range of circumstances.
• Negativity: it is a sad fact that things going wrong are the substance of most local news, and how the local community  will be affected in negative ways by such events. success stories are actually more common in local news than in national or global news, but they still play second fiddle to bad news on most days.
• Local Interest: many national news stories will be adapted to a local angle. an example of this, which also demonstrates a high level of negativity, would be the reporting of a local soldier killed in action in Iraq.

I learnt form the news values that you have to put a lot of thought and thinking into your news stories because when writing the story you have to think about the news values.
this gives reporters a guideline on how structure their stories overall the news values is a set that heps the reporter stories come to life.

History of Radio

• The history of radio started with lots of different people but the most common people are Jagadish Chandra Bose, Guglielmo Marconi , Alexander Stepanvich Popov and Nikola Tesla.

• the late 19th century was the years were various scientist experimented with wireless communication. this means that various theoretical and experimental led to the development of radio and the communications system today.
• some early works were done on local effects and experiments of electromagnetic induction.
• the first radio transmission was done under radio telegraph system, which didn't have audio sound. the first radio station were AM and FM which was aired commercial, public and nonprofit varieties. 

Nikola Tesla

• In addition Nikola Tesla was the first to develop radio frequencies.
• in 1891 Nikola Tesla started the research on radio later on the years he published articles and gave lecture on the experiments with alternate currents of high potential and high frequency.
• in 1893 Nikola Tesla gave a public demonstration of wireless radio communication.
• after the demonstration Nikola Tesla work was publicized widely, this means that other scientists and inventors began to experiment with Nikola Tesla theory.

James Clerk Maxwell

• James Clerk Maxwell developed a set of equations that describes electromagnetic wave. 
• later on the years James Clerk Maxwell developed his theory by using other works of other scientists  form this James Maxwell invented the existence of electromagnetism.
• in 1873 James Clerk Maxwell described the theoretical basis of the propagation of electromagnetic waves in his pare to the Royal Society.

20th Century Developments

• 1954 Regency company introduced a pocket transistor radio (TR-1) which was powered by a 22.5v battery.
• in the 1960s VOR system was invented but it was wide hit with the aircraft navigation before VOR system aircraft navigation used AM radio stations for navigation.
• 1960 Sony company introduced the first transistorized radio, it was Small that it could fit in a pocket and it was powered by a small battery.
• on the twenty years radio technology has been improving more and more this because the technology system are getting more smaller by the minute.
• later on colour televisions and digital com for example in 1963 : colour television was introduced and the first radio satellite telstar was launched.
• the late 1960s were the years where digital telephone was invented to make the telephone system in to a digital format.
• the 1970s : the company LORAN became the hit radio navigation system. later the U.S. Navy started to experiment with satellite navigation.
• in 1987: the GPS constellation of satellite was introduced.
• the early 1990s century: amateur radio was researched and experimented on, this means that experimenters used the personal computers to get radio signals.
• in 1994 the U.S.A army and DARPA launched a big research on constructing software radio that could be used in flying but only changing the software.

21st Century Development

• in the 21st century Internet radio is the biggest invention of the audio industry. this means that the radio can be heard through a radio-style audio programming with Internet connections, no radio transmitters is used.
• digital audio broadcasting has became big because DAB has grown to relate to FM radio for other countries.
• most radio shows can be heard live in the Internet, in cars and other technologies means that radio has improved and became advanced in many ways for example for the early days of the 1870s century radio was being researched but in the 21st century radio is becoming smaller and smaller until we have radio on our hands.
  
  i have used wikipedia to find the information on history of radio
  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_radio